THE LEARNING CONTINUES

Designing good systems requires years of accumulation of knowledge. One shortcut is to dive into real-world system architectures. Below is a collection of helpful reading materials. We highly recommend you pay attention to both the shared principles and the underlying technologies. Researching each technology and understanding what problems it solves is a great way to strengthen your knowledge base and refine the design process.

设计好的系统需要多年的知识积累。一个捷径是深入了解现实世界的系统架构。以下是一系列有用的阅读材料。我们强烈建议您同时关注共享原则和基础技术。研究每种技术并了解它解决了哪些问题是加强知识库和完善设计过程的好方法。

Real-world systems 真实世界的系统

The following materials can help you understand general design ideas of real system
architectures behind different companies.
Facebook Timeline: Brought To You By The Power Of Denormalization: https://goo.gl/FCNrbm
Scale at Facebook: https://goo.gl/NGTdCs
Building Timeline: Scaling up to hold your life story: https://goo.gl/8p5wDV
Erlang at Facebook (Facebook chat): https://goo.gl/zSLHrj
Facebook Chat: https://goo.gl/qzSiWC
Finding a needle in Haystack: Facebook’s photo storage: https://goo.gl/edj4FL
Serving Facebook Multifeed: Efficiency, performance gains through redesign:
https://goo.gl/adFVMQ
Scaling Memcache at Facebook: https://goo.gl/rZiAhX
TAO: Facebook’s Distributed Data Store for the Social Graph: https://goo.gl/Tk1DyH
Amazon Architecture: https://goo.gl/k4feoW
Dynamo: Amazon’s Highly Available Key-value Store: https://goo.gl/C7zxDL
A 360 Degree View Of The Entire Netflix Stack: https://goo.gl/rYSDTz
It’s All A/Bout Testing: The Netflix Experimentation Platform: https://goo.gl/agbA4K
Netflix Recommendations: Beyond the 5 stars (Part 1): https://goo.gl/A4FkYi
Netflix Recommendations: Beyond the 5 stars (Part 2): https://goo.gl/XNPMXm
Google Architecture: https://goo.gl/dvkDiY

以下材料可以帮助您了解真实系统的总体设计思路
不同公司背后的架构。
Facebook时间线：由非规范化的力量带给您：https://goo.gl/FCNrbm
Facebook的规模：https://goo.gl/NGTdCs
建筑时间表：放大以容纳您的生活故事：https://goo.gl/8p5wDV
Erlang at Facebook （Facebook chat）： https://goo.gl/zSLHrj
脸书聊天：https://goo.gl/qzSiWC
在Haystack中寻找针头：Facebook的照片存储：https://goo.gl/edj4FL
服务Facebook多源：通过重新设计提高效率和性能： https://goo.gl/adFVMQ
在Facebook上扩展Memcache：https://goo.gl/rZiAhX
TAO：Facebook的社交图谱分布式数据存储：https://goo.gl/Tk1DyH
亚马逊架构：https://goo.gl/k4feoW
Dynamo：亚马逊的高可用性键值存储：https://goo.gl/C7zxDL
整个 Netflix 堆栈的 360 度视图：https://goo.gl/rYSDTz
这都是A/Bout测试：Netflix实验平台：https://goo.gl/agbA4K
Netflix 推荐：超越 5 星（第 1 部分）：https://goo.gl/A4FkYi
Netflix 推荐：超越 5 星（第 2 部分）：https://goo.gl/XNPMXm
谷歌架构：https://goo.gl/dvkDiY

The Google File System (Google Docs): https://goo.gl/xj5n9R
Differential Synchronization (Google Docs): https://goo.gl/9zqG7x
YouTube Architecture: https://goo.gl/mCPRUF
Seattle Conference on Scalability: YouTube Scalability: https://goo.gl/dH3zYq
Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data: https://goo.gl/6NaZca
Instagram Architecture: 14 Million Users, Terabytes Of Photos, 100s Of Instances, Dozens Of Technologies: https://goo.gl/s1VcW5
The Architecture Twitter Uses To Deal With 150M Active Users: https://goo.gl/EwvfRd
Scaling Twitter: Making Twitter 10000 Percent Faster: https://goo.gl/nYGC1k
Announcing Snowflake (Snowflake is a network service for generating unique ID numbers at high scale with some simple guarantees): https://goo.gl/GzVWYm
Timelines at Scale: https://goo.gl/8KbqTy
How Uber Scales Their Real-Time Market Platform: https://goo.gl/kGZuVy
Scaling Pinterest: https://goo.gl/KtmjW3
Pinterest Architecture Update: https://goo.gl/w6rRsf
A Brief History of Scaling LinkedIn: https://goo.gl/8A1Pi8
Flickr Architecture: https://goo.gl/dWtgYa
How We've Scaled Dropbox: https://goo.gl/NjBDtC
The WhatsApp Architecture Facebook Bought For $19 Billion: https://bit.ly/2AHJnFn

谷歌文件系统（谷歌文档）：https://goo.gl/xj5n9R
差分同步（谷歌文档）：https://goo.gl/9zqG7x
优酷架构：https://goo.gl/mCPRUF
西雅图可扩展性会议：YouTube 可扩展性：https://goo.gl/dH3zYq
Bigtable：用于结构化数据的分布式存储系统：https://goo.gl/6NaZca
Instagram架构：1400万用户，TB级照片，100多个实例，数十种技术：https://goo.gl/s1VcW5
Twitter用来处理15000万活跃用户的架构：https://goo.gl/EwvfRd
扩展Twitter：使Twitter速度提高10000%：https://goo.gl/nYGC1k
宣布 Snowflake（Snowflake 是一种网络服务，用于大规模生成唯一的 ID 号，并提供一些简单的保证）： https://goo.gl/GzVWYm
大规模时间表：https://goo.gl/8KbqTy
优步如何扩展其实时市场平台：https://goo.gl/kGZuVy
缩放Pinterest：https://goo.gl/KtmjW3
Pinterest 架构更新：https://goo.gl/w6rRsf
缩放LinkedIn简史：https://goo.gl/8A1Pi8
Flickr Architecture： https://goo.gl/dWtgYa
我们如何扩展 Dropbox：https://goo.gl/NjBDtC
Facebook以190亿美元收购的WhatsApp架构：https://bit.ly/2AHJnFn

Company engineering blogs

If you are going to interview with a company, it is a great idea to read their engineering blogs and get familiar with technologies and systems adopted and implemented there. Besides, engineering blogs provide invaluable insights about certain fields. Reading them regularly could help us become better engineers.
Here is a list of engineering blogs of well-known large companies and startups.


如果您要面试一家公司，最好阅读他们的工程博客并熟悉那里采用和实施的技术和系统。此外，工程博客提供了有关某些领域的宝贵见解。定期阅读它们可以帮助我们成为更好的工程师。
以下是知名大公司和初创公司的工程博客列表。

Airbnb: https://medium.com/airbnb-engineering
Amazon: https://developer.amazon.com/blogs
Asana: https://blog.asana.com/category/eng
Atlassian: https://developer.atlassian.com/blog
Bittorrent: http://engineering.bittorrent.com
Cloudera: https://blog.cloudera.com
Docker: https://blog.docker.com
Dropbox: https://blogs.dropbox.com/tech
eBay: http://www.ebaytechblog.com
Facebook: https://code.facebook.com/posts
GitHub: https://githubengineering.com
Google: https://developers.googleblog.com
Groupon: https://engineering.groupon.com
Highscalability: http://highscalability.com
Instacart: https://tech.instacart.com
Instagram: https://engineering.instagram.com
Linkedin: https://engineering.linkedin.com/blog
Mixpanel: https://mixpanel.com/blog
Netflix: https://medium.com/netflix-techblog
Nextdoor: https://engblog.nextdoor.com
PayPal: https://www.paypal-engineering.com
Pinterest: https://engineering.pinterest.com
Quora: https://engineering.quora.com
Reddit: https://redditblog.com
Salesforce: https://developer.salesforce.com/blogs/engineering
Shopify: https://engineering.shopify.com
Slack: https://slack.engineering
Soundcloud: https://developers.soundcloud.com/blog
Spotify: https://labs.spotify.com
Stripe: https://stripe.com/blog/engineering
System design primer: https://github.com/donnemartin/system-design-primer
Twitter: https://blog.twitter.com/engineering/en_us.html
Thumbtack: https://www.thumbtack.com/engineering
Uber: http://eng.uber.com
Yahoo: https://yahooeng.tumblr.com
Yelp: https://engineeringblog.yelp.com
Zoom: https://medium.com/zoom-developer-blog

AFTERWORD

Congratulations! You are at the end of this interview guide. You have accumulated skills and knowledge to design systems. Not everyone has the discipline to learn what you have learned. Take a moment and pat yourself on the back. Your hard work will be paid off.

Landing a dream job is a long journey and requires lots of time and effort. Practice makes perfect. Best luck!

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祝贺！您已经结束了本面试指南。您已经积累了设计系统的技能和知识。不是每个人都有纪律来学习你所学到的东西。花点时间拍拍自己的背。您的辛勤工作将得到回报。

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